How do you differentiate the sounds of guitar?

What's a pick-up?

What are the main differences between single-coil and hambucking pick-ups?

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How do you differentiate the sounds of guitar?

For electric guitar, you'd use effects which produce millions of possible sounds including distorted, sustained, echo, or wah-wah sounds. For acoustic, type of strings and their tension along with the guitar structure or design affect the sound, but the difference may not be so drastic as compared to electric guitar with effects. Also, where you play guitar--in a small room, large concert hall, or studio--does make a huge difference in acoustics and hence the overall sound. That's one of the reasons why you see musicians meticulously doing their sound check on stage before they perform.

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What's a pick-up?

A pick-up is a device that convert the string vibrations into electrical signals which are then sent to an amplifier to produce a sound. The most common structure is a magnetic pick-up which consists of a magnet with insulated copper wire (coil) wrapped around it.  Pick-ups are mounted on the guitar body directly beneath the strings so that it can effectively pick up the vibrations. 

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What are the main differences between single-coil and hambucking pick-ups?

Here are the main differences: 

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