Dynamics
refers
to the degree of loudness or softness with which the music is to
be played. You rarely hear music at the same level of loudness
throughout a performance. One section may be played softly,
followed by a bridge part played with more intensity. Dynamics
often help to make music and a performance more expressive and
dramatic. Below are some of the dynamics marks commonly used:
TERMS
MEANING
SYMBOLS
pianissimo
Very
soft
pp
piano
Soft
p
mezzo
piano
Moderately
soft
mp
mezzo
forte
Moderately
loud
mf
forte
Loud
f
fortissimo
Very
loud
ff
Just as tempo can be changed during a
performance, dynamics can also be changed. Changes in dynamics are
indicated by the following terms and symbols:
The music, text, design and graphics are protected by copyright
law.
Any duplication or transmission, by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without permission is an infringement
of copyright.